Historical Sites Of Ancient Rome - 1752 Words

Historic Preservation Rome is famous for two of their greatest historical sites they are the Coliseum and the Pantheon. These historical sites will not last forever so Rome needs to find a way to preserve the sites. The problem Rome has right now is that there is a lot of air pollution and traffic near these sites which causes instability over time to these buildings. When these historical buildings were built the people of Rome didn’t know in the future that there would be a problem with traffic and pollution that would affect these buildings. Rome also needs to come up with a plan to protect these buildings from natural disasters like earthquakes. â€Å"The problem that Rome has about making these historical sites quake proof is that it costs†¦show more content†¦Rome has come up with 5 solutions to help the inner city â€Å"1. Make environmental islands which is to help reduce through traffic. 2. Have parking regulations for public vehicles and goods vehicles. 3. Have vehicle sharing systems (cars, vans, bicycles). 4. Introduce electric and hybrid vehicles over time. 5. Make pedestrian areas and pathways† (Nussio 6). They are planning to make a â€Å"rail ring zone which is: a low emission zone that could become subject to payment according to vehicle emission class. Reorganize the public transportation so it will be more integrated with Metro, Tram, and Railway nodes. Make urban transport more sustainable and reduce the transport emission in the city† (Nussio 7). Their goal is to expand the rapid transport system by going underground and build a new tramway system. Complete roadways that are under construction, manage parking, and make the park and ride better. They have two options for car-sharing: fixed and free-flow. â€Å"Fixed car sharing will be in 4 central districts it will have an annual fee and low hourly costs. Cars will be placed in fixed areas that the consumer will have to return to where they picked the car from. It will be managed by the Mobility Agency. Free-flow car sharing will be use within 35 sq. km of the city. It has free places, which means that you can park the car where you want, but it has higher costs because it is per minute instead of per hour. It is managed by

Investigation of The Leadership Style †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Investigation of The Leadership Style. Answer: Introduction Leadership is one of the most essential elements of Organizational Leadership. A proper leadership planning and the presence of an efficient leader in an organization help in the overall growth of the business organization. The following work has been cited from the article of Puranik V (2017). The author in his article has referred to the works of James MacGregor Burns and has described that the characteristics and qualities of the leaders will have a huge impact on the effectiveness of the leader. The author clearly agrees to the aforesaid researcher and believes that the effectiveness of a successful leadership style depends on the situational and context factors of the methods which the leaders choose as their style for working. Investigation The investigation of the leadership style has been the main focus of this particular project. The reason for conducting such an investigation was to make sure that the organization can understand the exact kind of leaders they demand and appoint them on such basis to achieve the maximum possible success (Carson, Carson Birkenmeier, 2016). The leadership style of the leaders has very strong impact on the eventual outcome of the task and the perception of appropriateness of the leadership style followed by the leader. It was also seen that gender had no effect on the implementation of the leadership strategies in the organizations. The investigation thus clearly pointed out to the large role of the leaders and their increasing need in the modern business organizations. Research Summary The research is based on determining the different leadership styles that exist within the organization. The main purpose of making the report is to understand the different aspects of leadership and assess their importance in the modern business organizations. Methods The researcher has taken the help of the qualitative method of analysis to determine the learning outcome of the project. The researcher has provided a number of models and tools to show the different styles and strategic differences of the leaders in the different organizations. He has also provided the meaning and importance of emotional intelligence. The study consisted of collecting the measures of the performance of the managers as well as the different superiors of an organization. Findings As mentioned earlier the main findings of the particular project are leadership and the leadership styles that are followed in the different organizations. The author has explained that leaders are the core to the success of the business in the market. He has also said that leaders across all the business organizations globally have one particular trait in common which is the trait which is the passion to lead the way (Miner, 2015). However it is also said that modern business environments demand both the effectiveness of the leaders as well as it has increased the importance of the contextual and social leadership abilities. Relation with Organizational behavior The relation between Leadership and Organizational Behavior is mainly defined by the way the leadership style has an impact over the behavior of the employees of that particular organization. There are several styles of leadership and the one chosen by the organization will have a direct impact on the behaviors of the employees and will reflect on their working patterns (Luthans, Luthans Luthans, 2015). One example of the link between leadership and organizational behavior can be in the autocratic style where the orders flow according to the level of ranks. Therefore effective leadership has a great deal of impact on organizational leadership. Critical Evaluation The author has provided a critical analysis in his paper by using different models on leadership in the business organization. Judge et al. (2002) used the five factor model to study leadership and found out that three of the factors of the model conscientiousness, agreeableness and openness to experience had same correlations with each of them. On the other hand DuBrin (2013) described that there could be another new form of leadership in the name of resonant leadership as because these leaders can sustain the way others lead, imitate them and implement the same in the particular business organization. Like the two articles there had been many such contrasting papers on leadership. Positive Factors Some of the main positive factors of leadership traits are; Communication- Communication is one of the biggest positives from a leader. The leader is the one who is in constant communication with the other members of the organization and thus they are able to track the progress of each and every member of the organization and take appropriate measures to meet the goals of the organization. Experience- According to Hogg Terry (2014) an experienced leader is one of the main frontrunner for leading the business to the path of glory. The wealth of experience that they bring with them helps them to face any challenging and tricky situations that might be difficult to handle for the newbie. Trust- Leadership trust helps the leaders to trust each other and make sure that they are used for building a common and strong bond between each other which will help the organization to grow and succeed. Belief in the employees as well as belief in the leader is essential in such case. Negative Factors The negative factors of the leadership traits are; Favors- The leaders sometimes become too much powerful and thus they misutilizes their power to wrong use and provide unnecessary favors to the close ones. The other employees are neglected in such cases and the result is the poor performance of the organization (Druskat, Mount Sala, 2013). Hypocritical- Leaders often tend to be hypocritical and they instruct their subordinates in a confusing manner which cuts the communication channel between them and their subordinates. Such a disruptive communication may lead to the failure of the organization. Inexperience- The management of an organization may sometimes choose the wrong person at the wrong time. There are innumerable numbers of cases where the chosen leaders have failed miserably in their quest just because of their sheer inexperience. Their inexperience is a matter of concern as they fail to lead the team and are confused in implementing strong decisions (Wagner III Hollenbeck, 2014). Research Critique The author of the following paper could have concentrated more on transformational leadership which is one of the main leadership styles in the modern marketing environment. The absence of the above mentioned factor limits the scope of the research. Measurement Topics The measurement of the IV/DV of the leadership qualities have been quite effectively measured in the following paper. There is a vast range of different leadership parameters that has been provided and properly explained in this paper. Findings application in real life Leaders who are supportive to the strategy and exercise their leadership alignment with organizational strategy are called as strategic leaders. Strategic leadership is a process of constantly examining whether the business organization is on the right way to reach the determined goals. Hyundai Leadership style is influenced by the founder Chung Ju Yung and his own way of managing the company. The management style of 1960s, 1970s and 1980s helped to model the business leadership style of the organization. The main evolution of the company was in the late 1990s and in 2000 when the company turned itself into a global brand based on the strong leadership foundation of the organization. The managers of the company train the juniors of the organization in the latest techniques and styles to make them acquainted with the organizational structure. The leaders also train the employees to deal with challenging situations that are tough to handle and also in specialized communication methods that helps them to be the best in the organization. References Carson, K. D., Carson, P. P., Birkenmeier, B. J. (2016). Measuring emotional intelligence: Development and validation of an instrument.Journal of Behavioral and applied Management,2(1). Druskat, V. U., Mount, G., Sala, F. (2013).Linking emotional intelligence and performance at work: Current research evidence with individuals and groups. Psychology Press. DuBrin, A. J. (2013).Fundamentals of organizational behavior: An applied perspective. Elsevier. Hogg, M. A., Terry, D. J. (Eds.). (2014).Social identity processes in organizational contexts. Psychology Press. Luthans, F., Luthans, B. C., Luthans, K. W. (2015).Organizational behavior: An evidence-based approach. IAP. Miner, J. B. (2015).Organizational behavior 1: Essential theories of motivation and leadership. Routledge. Parris, D. L., Peachey, J. W. (2013). A systematic literature review of servant leadership theory in organizational contexts.Journal of business ethics,113(3), 377-393. Pinder, C. C. (2014).Work motivation in organizational behavior. Psychology Press. Vasu, M. L., Stewart, D. W., Garson, G. D. (Eds.). (2017).Organizational Behavior and Public Management, Revised and Expanded. Routledge. Wagner III, J. A., Hollenbeck, J. R. (2014).Organizational behavior: Securing competitive advantage. Routledge.

Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthriris Essays - Rheumatology, Arthritis

Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthriris A chronic, inflammatory disease that may cause joint or connective tissue damage. The onset occurs before Age 16. Causes, incidence, and risk factors: JRA is thought to belong to the collagen classes of disease (those diseases that involve connective tissue). It is a complicated disease. The primary manifestation is arthritis, but the disease may involve other body systems such as the heart and lining around the heart (pericardium), lungs and lining around the lungs (pleura), eyes, and skin. Systemic arthritis affects 20% of those with juvenile arthritis and includes fever, rash, and enlarged spleen (splenomegaly) in addition to joint inflammation. JRA is generally divided into five broad groups depending on whether a large number of joints are involved or just a few, whether the rheumatoid factor (a blood test) is positive or negative, and whether there is eye involvement or not. The five categories of JRA may be roughly broken down as follows: many involved joints and a positive rheumatoid factor many involved joints and a negative rheumatoid factor few involved joints and a positive antinuclear antibody few involved joints and a positive HLA B27 surface antigen systemic JRA (throughout the body) A specialist in rheumatology generally makes the category determination. The onset of arthritis may be slow or extremely rapid. An early sign of slow onset may be stiffness on arising in the morning. Swollen, painful joints characterize the arthritis of JRA with pain on motion and sometimes to touch. The skin over the joints is generally not red but can be. The systemic form of JRA may first appear with high fevers, chills and a rash but without joint pain. In the systemic form, arthritis may develop months after the appearance of the fever. The two forms of JRA where there are only a few joints involved often have associated eye disease. The most severe form of eye disease, chronic iridocyclitis of JRA, may lead to lead to visual problems or blindness. The milder form of JRA-associated eye disease is acute iridocyclitis, which generally heals without permanent damage. The cause of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis is unknown. Growth may be affected during periods of active disease. Girls are affected more often than boys are. The peak onset occurs between the ages of 2 to 5 years old and between 9 to 12 years old. Risk factors may be a family history of the disease and recent rubella infection or vaccine. Prevention: There is no known prevention for JRA. Symptoms: General symptoms: joint stiffness on arising in the morning limited range of motion slow rate of growth hot, swollen, painful joints fever, low grade (with multiple-joint type disease) fever, high spiking with chills (with systemic form of disease) rheumatoid rash rheumatoid nodules (at sites of pressure) Symptoms of eye involvement: red eyes eye pain photophobia visual changes Other symptoms: chest pain shortness of breath abdominal pain Signs and tests: Physical examination may show an enlarged liver (hepatomegaly), enlarged spleen (splenomegaly), or swollen lymph nodes (lymphadenopathy). There may also be signs of: anemia iridocyclitis pericarditis pleuritis myocarditis Tests include: CBC ESR ANA RA factor HLA antigens immunoelectrophoresis - serum synovial fluid analysis X-ray of a joint X-ray of the chest ECG slit-lamp exam of the eyes Treatment: Treatment is aimed at preserving mobility and joint function and supporting the patient and family through a long chronic illness. Therapeutic medications include: aspirin nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents (NSAIDS) corticosteroids topical ophthalmic corticosteroids mydriatics gold therapy chloroquine agents immune suppressing agents (rarely used in children) Note: Talk to your health care provider before giving aspirin or NSAIDS to children! Physical therapy and exercise programs may be recommended. Surgical procedures may be indicated, including joint replacement. Expectations (prognosis): JRA is seldom life threatening. Long periods of spontaneous remission are typical. Often JRA improves or remits at puberty. Approximately 75% of JRA patients eventually enter remission with minimal functional loss and deformity. The stress of illness can often be helped by joining a support group. Here, members share common experiences and problems.. Complications: loss of vision or decreased vision total joint destruction of the major weight-bearing joints chronic spondyloarthropathy

Edge Habitats

Edge Habitats Across the globe, human development has fragmented once-continuous landscapes and ecosystems into isolated patches of natural habitat. Roads, towns, fences, canals, reservoirs, and farms are all examples of human artifacts that alter the pattern of the landscape. At the edges of developed areas, where natural habitats meet encroaching human habitats, animals are forced to adapt quickly to their new circumstancesand a closer look at the fate of these so-called edge species can give us sobering insights into the quality of the wild lands that remain. The health of any natural ecosystem depends significantly on two factors: the overall size of the habitat, and what is happening along its edges. For example, when human development cuts into an old-growth forest, the newly exposed edges are subjected to a series of microclimatic changes, including increases in sunlight, temperature, relative humidity, and exposure to wind. Plantlife and Microclimate Create New Habitats Plants are the first living organisms to respond to these changes, usually with increased leaf-fall, elevated tree mortality, and an influx of secondary-successional species. In turn, the combined changes in plant life and microclimate create new habitats for animals. More-reclusive bird species move to the interior of the remaining woodland, while birds better adapted to edge environments develop strongholds on the periphery. Populations of larger mammals like deer or big cats, which require large areas of undisturbed forest to support their numbers, often decrease in size. If their established territories have been destroyed, these mammals must adjust their social structure to accommodate the closer quarters of the remaining forest. Fragmented Forests Resemble Islands Researchers have found that fragmented forests resemble nothing so much as islands. The human development that surrounds a forest island acts as a barrier to animal migration, dispersal, and interbreeding (its very difficult for any animals, even relatively smart ones, to cross a busy highway!) In these island-like communities, species diversity is governed largely by the size of the remaining intact forest. In a way, this is not all bad news; the imposition of artificial constraints can be a major driver of evolution and the flourishing of better-adapted species. The problem is that evolution is a long-term process, unfolding over thousands or millions of years, while a given animal population may disappear in as little as a decade (or even a single year or month) if its ecosystem has been wrecked beyond repair. The changes in animal distribution and population that result from fragmentation and the creation of edge habitats illustrate how dynamic a cut-off ecosystem can be. It would be ideal if- when the bulldozers have disappeared- the environmental damages subsided; unfortunately, this is rarely the case. The animals and wildlife left behind must begin a complex process of adaptation and a long search for a new natural balance. Edited on February 8, 2017, by Bob Strauss

Four successful careers for the hopeless romantic

Four successful careers for the hopeless romantic This is the time of year when people tend to have romance on the brain. Flowers! Jewelry commercials! Ads for upscale restaurants! If you’re a hopeless romantic, it’s kind of like the Super Bowl. But what if you want to turn those lovey-dovey feelings into a career, something you can build professionally? Believe it or not, there are options out there for you. 4 careers for people who love romance1. Wedding/special event photographerIf you have a knack with a camera, being a wedding photographer gives you a front-row seat to some of the happiest days of people’s lives. Everyone’s dressed up, people are (usually) on their best behavior, and your goal is to capture the romance for posterity. Plus, being a photographer has the advantage of being a flexible career, or side business, with many weddings and special events happening outside of standard business hours.What you’ll need: High-quality cameras and related equipment, plus training on how to use it. Courses on professional photography are highly recommended.What it pays: The median salary is $32,490 per year, per the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.2. FloristFlorists and floral designers are usually the go-to retailers for romantic life events, with busy seasons around holidays like Valentine’s Day, Mother’s Day, etc. Floral designers are there for the good, the bad, and the celebratory, providing flowers and delivery to a range of customers.What you’ll need: Workers in a retail floral shop will need the basics (a high school degree and   customer service skills). If you’re looking to become a floral designer, you’ll likely need vocational courses and on-the-job training. Creativity and artistic flair are very helpful, as are good customer service skills to help your customers find the right way to say it with flowers.What it pays: The median salary for floral designers is $26,350 per the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.3. Chocolatier/CandymakerIf you’re more interested in food service than flower service, you may want to consider becoming a chocolatier. This is not the most common path in food service, but what’s more romantic than high-quality chocolates to go with those flowers and gifts? Chocolatiers are artisans who create edible masterpieces, playing with flavors and structures to create the perfect bite.What you’ll need: To become a chocolatier, you’ll need a solid base in the culinary world, and may need to complete a pasty chef course. You’ll also need to meet your state’s licensing and food handling regulations, so be sure to check what your state requires.What it pays: The median salary for chocolatiers is $21,000 per year, but experienced pastry chefs can make more.4. Marriage counselorSometimes love needs a little help, and marriage counselors are licensed health care professionals who can help couples work on their relationships. This is not a job for the starry-eyed romantic who thinks all relationships are a romcom-ending away from happiness, but rather a practical career for someone who believes that therapy and hard work together can overcome challenges in love and life. Plus, health care careers are a very stable, practical bet for long-term career longevity.Marriage and family therapy in particular is a field that’s growing- the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics predicts that the number of jobs in this area will grow more than 23% by 2026.What you’ll need: Marriage and family therapists typically have a master’s degree or higher, plus complete an internship or residency. Licensing requirements may vary by state, so be sure to check your own state’s requirements.What it pays: The median salary for marriage and family therapists is $48,790, per the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.If you love the very idea of love, there are ways to live that out in your professional life as well. Choosing a career that helps make other people happy can be a key to long-term career satisfaction. If you have the skills and the inclination to work in one of these service fields, you may find yourself with even more love to go around.

Global Nursing Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Global Nursing - Research Paper Example   Ã‚   In an attempt to explain global nursing, Sister Roy gives metatheory and philosophical perspectives. Several discussions were held on the nature of the knowledge applied or required of a nurse. Issues such epistemology and the nature of both the person and nursing were debated upon and Roy realized that the major developments undertaken by the nurses were not captured in the journals and thus major issues affecting the nurses were not attended to (Roy & Jones, 2007).   Sister Roy states that knowledge has been reflected as covering a larger part of the human the health relation between humans and environmental from the beginning of the century as it is stated in the concepts explained in theoretical nursing (Roy & Jones, 2007). The need that nursing should be understood in the perspective of the practice of the nature of nursing took root in the 20th century. Since 1970 there have been several approaches that are influencing the development of nursing knowledge. Several au thors and theoreticians have done several other publications regarding the various developments of knowledge in the field of nursing (Meleis, 2011).  Ã‚  A global definition of the position of nursing paradigm is given by sister Roy. This tends to address the knowledge that is supposed to be known in the nursing field. Paradigmatic refers to the nursing literature. Several other theorists were arguing about the risks incurred by emphasizing the same approach. Paradigmatic resulted to distinguishing several sectors of knowledge required by nurses.

The Subprime Crisis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Subprime Crisis - Essay Example Starting in February with the biggest bank in Europe HSBC reporting a loss of $880 million through its US subprime unit Decision One Mortgage, the list extends to US subprime lender New Century Financial Corp, Citigroup, Wachovia Corp, Merrill Lynch, and Countrywide in the U.S., the German Banks IKB and the state bank Sachsen L B, the French bank BNP Paribas, the Dutch Bank NIBC, the British mortgage lender Northern Rock, and the largest Japanese bank Mitsubishi UFH Financial Group, INC. The strong Swiss Banking sector was also hit through Credit Suisse and UBS (FACT BOX: Subprime crisis affects banks worldwide). The breaching of the dependable string defenses of the Swiss Financial sector, by the subprime market crisis, causing a downswing in 2007 in the fortunes of what could otherwise be considered as a successful year for the Swiss economy, is an indicator that the Swiss economy will not be spared from the worldwide impact of the subprime market crisis in 2008. However, the Swiss economy can be expected to weather the storm of the subprime market crisis and restrict the consequences. (Allen, 2008). The reasons for this optimism stems from the strengthening of the Swiss franc in the third quarter of 2007, against the U.S. dollar by as much as 6.7 percent. In addition the forecast for the GDP growth of 2.5 percent for 2007 is suggestive that the Swiss economy continues to remain robust. This was the result of the reaction of the Swiss National Bank to immediately inject liquidity, when a liquidity pinch was felt in August 2007 as a result of the subprime market crisis (Swiss Franc Outlook: Will Weakness Continue). These moves of the Swiss National Bank saw the watch making and luxury goods manufacturing sectors performing well supported by the pharmaceutical and food product. Another factor weighing in is the domestic consumer strength of Switzerland. The Swiss economy can be expected to grow in 2008, but at slower rate due to the impact of the subprime market